Uncovering the True Identity of the Arctic People: What are Eskimos Called?
In the vast tapestry of humanity, various groups have been known by names that might differ from their own self-identifications. The indigenous people of the Arctic region are no exception to this reality. The term “Eskimo” has been commonly used to refer to these communities, yet its origin and appropriateness have been a subject of ongoing debate.
The word “Eskimo” stems from the Innu-aimun language spoken by the Innu people of Quebec and Labrador. It roughly translates to “eater of raw meat.” While the term may have initially carried a neutral connotation, it has since been criticized for its potential pejorative undertones. Moreover, it does not accurately encompass the diverse cultural and linguistic identities of the Arctic’s indigenous populations.
Embracing self-determination, many Arctic communities have adopted distinct names to reflect their unique heritages and languages. For example, the Inuit people of Canada, Greenland, and Alaska prefer to be referred to by this term, which means “the people.” Similarly, the Yupik communities in Alaska and eastern Siberia identify as “Yupik” or “Yup’ik,” meaning “real person” or “original person.”
In summary, the term “Eskimo” has been replaced by more respectful and accurate names chosen by the Arctic’s indigenous communities. When referring to these remarkable people, it is important to acknowledge their diverse identities and use the names they have chosen for themselves.
What are Eskimos Called?
Inuit, Yupik, or Iñupiat are the most common names used to refer to the people indigenous to the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland.
Inuit
The Inuit are the largest group of Arctic peoples, inhabiting the northernmost regions of Canada, Alaska, and Greenland. They are known for their traditional way of life, which includes hunting, fishing, and gathering.
Yupik
The Yupik are another group of Arctic peoples who live in western Alaska and eastern Siberia. They are closely related to the Inuit, but have a distinct language and culture.
Iñupiat
The Iñupiat are the indigenous people of the North Slope of Alaska. They are closely related to the Inuit, but have a distinct language and culture.
Other Names
The terms “Eskimo” and “Eskimos” were once commonly used to refer to all of the Arctic peoples. However, these terms are now considered derogatory by many Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat people.
Why the Term “Eskimo” is Offensive
The term “Eskimo” is often associated with negative stereotypes and outdated views of Arctic peoples. For example, the term has been used to justify the forced removal of Inuit children from their families and the destruction of their traditional way of life.
Why the Term “Inuit” is Preferred
The term “Inuit” is the preferred term for the people indigenous to the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland. This term is derived from the Inuktitut word for “people.” It is a respectful and inclusive term that recognizes the diverse cultures and traditions of the Arctic peoples.
Why the Term “Yupik” is Preferred
The term “Yupik” is the preferred term for the indigenous people of western Alaska and eastern Siberia. This term is derived from the Yup’ik word for “real person.” It is a respectful and inclusive term that recognizes the unique culture and traditions of the Yupik people.
Why the Term “Iñupiat” is Preferred
The term “Iñupiat” is the preferred term for the indigenous people of the North Slope of Alaska. This term is derived from the Iñupiat word for “the people.” It is a respectful and inclusive term that recognizes the unique culture and traditions of the Iñupiat people.
Conclusion
The Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat are the indigenous peoples of the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland. They have a rich and diverse culture and history. The terms “Eskimo” and “Eskimos” are now considered derogatory by many Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat people. The preferred terms are “Inuit,” “Yupik,” and “Iñupiat.”
FAQs
1. What does the term “Inuit” mean?
The term “Inuit” means “people” in Inuktitut.
2. What is the difference between the Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat?
The Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat are all indigenous peoples of the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland. However, they have distinct languages and cultures.
3. Why is the term “Eskimo” considered derogatory?
The term “Eskimo” is often associated with negative stereotypes and outdated views of Arctic peoples. For example, the term has been used to justify the forced removal of Inuit children from their families and the destruction of their traditional way of life.
4. What is the preferred term for the indigenous peoples of the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland?
The preferred term for the indigenous peoples of the Arctic regions of North America and Greenland is “Inuit,” “Yupik,” or “Iñupiat.”
5. How can I learn more about the Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat?
There are many resources available to learn more about the Inuit, Yupik, and Iñupiat. You can find books, articles, and websites that provide information about their history, culture, and traditions.